What is the effect of high self-orientation on stakeholder trust?

• A. Increases trust
• B. Varies by context
• C. No effect
• D. Decreases trust

Answer: (D)

When stakeholders assess trust, they look for signals of benevolence, integrity, and aligned interests. High self-orientation signals that a person prioritizes their own gains over others, which makes stakeholders doubt whether promises will be kept, decisions will be fair, or the collaboration will be put first. That perception of self-serving motives undermines reliability and willingness to cooperate, leading to lower trust. In business relationships, trust is essential for information sharing, resource commitment, and long-term partnerships, so when self-interest dominates, stakeholders are more likely to pull back. While there can be rare cases where outcomes clearly benefit others or transparency mitigates concerns, the general effect of high self-orientation is a decline in trust.